Proverbs
Book type: Wisdom
Authors: King Solomon, famous for his wisdom, is credited as one of the authors of Proverbs. Other contributors include a group of men called “The Wise,” Agur, and King Lemuel.
No. of chapters: 31
Key character(s): God, The Simple, The Scorner, The Fool, The Prudent, The Wise. [1]
Brief description: Proverbs – The path to life.
Theological outline:
01) Proverbs is designed to impart divine wisdom concerning life (1:1-6)
02) Wisdom’s contribution to life is to be praised (1:7-9:18)
03) Our response to wisdom brings about earthly consequences (10:1-22:16)
04) Wisdom provides prudent counsel for both the present & the future (22:17-24:34)
05) Wisdom constantly reminds people of their past heritage (25:1-29:27)
06) The true source of meaningful existence can be found only in God (30:1-31:31)
The book of Proverbs clearly defines how God expects his people to find meaningful existence.
Proverbs clearly reminds us that we are all walking down the road of life, a road with 2 branches. The one chosen by the wise produces joy, happiness & a meaningful existence as well as eternal hope. The other, chosen by the foolish, brings about heartache, sorrow & ultimate destruction.
[Source: NIV Disciple’s Study Bible]
Proverbs is packed with God’s wisdom, and what’s more, these short sayings are easy to understand and apply to your life.
Many of the eternal truths in the Bible have to be carefully mined, like gold deep underground. The book of Proverbs, however, is like a mountain stream littered with nuggets, just waiting to be picked up.
Like the rest of the Bible, Proverbs points to God’s plan of salvation, but perhaps more subtly. This book showed the Israelites the right way to live, God’s way. As they put this wisdom to use, they would have demonstrated qualities of Jesus Christ toward each other as well as setting an example for the Gentiles around them.
The book of Proverbs has much to teach Christians today. Its timeless wisdom helps us avoid trouble, observe the Golden Rule, and honor God with our life.
Themes in the Book of Proverbs:
Every person can have right relationships with God and others by following the timeless advice in Proverbs. Its many themes cover work, money, marriage, friendship, family life, perseverance, and pleasing God.
Key Characters in the Book of Proverbs:
The “characters” in Proverbs are types of people we can learn from: wise people, fools, simple folk, and the wicked. They are used in these short sayings to point out behavior we should avoid or imitate.
[Source: http://christianity.about.com/od/oldtestamentbooks/a/Book-Of-Proverbs.htm]
[1]
Fuller list of major characters in the book of Proverbs:
The Cast of Characters in Proverbs, listed alphabetically. | |
Character | Reference |
Angry man, a person with great anger | Proverbs 19:19; 22:24-25; 29:22; |
Arrogant person | Proverbs 21:24; |
Blameless, the / Those with blameless conduct | Proverbs 11:5; 11:20; 28:10; |
Borrower, the | Proverbs 22:7; |
Brother | Proverbs 17:17; 17:17; |
Buyer | Proverbs 20:14; |
City, a | Proverbs 11:10,11 |
Contrary man | Proverbs 16:28; |
Counselors, advisers | Proverbs 11:14; 15:22; 24:5-6; |
Crooked, the | Proverbs 22:5; |
Cruel man | Proverbs 11:17; |
Devious, the | Proverbs 3:32; 14:2; |
Diligent | Proverbs 21:5; |
Discerning man | Proverbs 1:5, 10:13; 14:33; 15:14; 15:24; 16:21; 18:15; 19:25; 28:2; 28:11; |
Disloyal | Proverbs 14:14; |
Dispossessed | Proverbs 31:8; |
Drunkard | Proverbs 23:20-21; |
Elderly | Proverbs 17:6; |
Enemy, your, an | Proverbs 24:17-18; 25:21-22; 27:6; |
Entire Community | Proverbs 5:14; |
Evil ones, the evil man, evil doers | Proverbs 4:14; 14:19; 15:26; 17:11; 24:1-2; 24:19-20; 28:5; 29:6; |
Faithful | Proverbs 28:20; |
Fatherless | Proverbs 23:10-11; |
Fathers/his father | Proverbs 4:1, 6:20; 19:13; 19:14; 22:28; 23:22-25; 29:3; |
Foolish ones, man | Proverbs 1:22; 14:7; 21:20; 27:12; |
Fools | Proverbs 1:7, 32; 3:35, 10:14, 21, 23; 11:29; 14:3; 14:8; 14:9; 14:16; 14:24; 14:33; 15:2; 15:5; 15:7; 15:14; 16:22; 17:7; 17:10; 17:12; 17:16; 17:21; 17:24; 17:28; 18:2; 18:6-7; 19:1; 19:10; 19:29; 20:3; 23:9; 24:7; 26:1,3-12; 27:3; 28:26; 29:11; |
Foreigners | Proverbs 20:16; |
Friend | Proverbs 17:17; 18:24; 27:6; 27:9; 27:10; |
Fugitive | Proverbs 28:17; |
Generation that.., a | Proverbs 30:11-14; |
Generous person | Proverbs 11:25; 22:9; |
Glutton | Proverbs 23:20-21; |
Good people, man | Proverbs 2:20; 14:14; 14:19; 15:3; |
Gossip | Proverbs 11:13; 16:28; 17:9; 18:8; 20:19; 26:20, 22; |
Grandchildren | Proverbs 17:6; |
Great, the | Proverbs 18:16; 25:6-7; |
Greedy man | Proverbs 28:22; 28:25; |
Guilty | Proverbs 17:15; 18:5; 21:8; 24:23-25; |
Gullible | Proverbs 14:18; |
Hateful person | Proverbs 26:23-26; |
Helpless people, a | Proverbs 28:15; |
Honest person | Proverbs 29:10; |
Honorable, the | Proverbs 10:29; |
Hot-tempered man | Proverbs 29:22; |
Household | Proverbs 27:27; 31:21; |
Humble, the | Proverbs 3:34; 16:19; |
Husband, her [of capable wife] | Proverbs 31:23,28; |
Inexperienced, the | Proverbs 1:4, 32; 7:7; 8:5; 9:4, 16; 14:15; 19:25; 21:11; 22:3; |
Innocent person | Proverbs 17:26; 18:5; 21:8; |
Integrity, those of | Proverbs 2:21, 10:9; 14:2; 19:1; 20:7; 28:18; |
Intelligent person | Proverbs 17:27; |
Isolates himself, one who | Proverbs 18:1; |
Just | Proverbs 17:15; |
Keeps commands, one who | Proverbs 19:16; |
Kind man | Proverbs 11:17; |
King | Proverbs 14:28;14:35; 16:10; 16:13-15; 19:12; 20:2; 20:8; 20:26; 20:28; 21:1; 22:11; 22:29; 24:21-22; 25:2-3; 25:4-5; 25:6-7; 29:4; 29:14; 31:4-7; |
Knowledgeable person | Proverbs 28:2; |
Lacks sense, the one who | Proverbs 9:4; 9:16; 10:13; 24:30-34; 25:6-7; |
Leech | Proverbs 30:15-16; |
Lender | Proverbs 19:17; 22:7; |
Liar/one with deceitful speech, lips | Proverbs 17:4; 17:20;19:1; 26:18-19; 26:28; |
Malicious, the | Proverbs 10:29; |
Masters | Proverbs 25:13; 30:10; |
Mentors | Proverbs 5:13; |
Mockers | Proverbs 1:22, 3:34, 9:7-8; 14:6; 15:12; 19:25; 19:29; 21:11; 21:24; 22:10; 24:9; 29:8; |
Mothers | Proverbs 6:20; 23:22-25; 29:15; |
Nation | Proverbs 14:34; |
Needy | Proverbs 31:9; 31:20; |
Neighbor, your/his | Proverbs 3:29, 6:1; 6:3; 16:29; 21:10; 25:17; 27:10; 27:14; |
Noble | Proverbs 17:26; 25:6-7; |
Old men | Proverbs 20:29; |
Opponent, your | Proverbs 25:8-10; |
Oppressed | Proverbs 31:4-7; 31:9; |
Oppressed, the | Proverbs 15:15; 22:22-23; |
Oppressor | Proverbs 29:13; |
Patient person | Proverbs 14:29; |
People, a, any, the | Proverbs 14:34; 29:2; 29:18; |
Perceptive | Proverbs 14:6; 17:10; 17:24; |
Poor, the | Proverbs 10:15; 14:20; 18:23; 19:1; 19:4; 19:7; 19:17; 19:22; 21:13; 22:2; 22:7; 22:16; 22:22-23; 28:3; 28:6; 29:7; 29:13; 29:14; 31:20; |
Prince | Proverbs 19:10; |
Proud/Everyone with a proud heart | Proverbs 15:25; 16:5; 16:19; 21:24; |
Quarrelsome man | Proverbs 26:21; |
Quick-tempered, hot-tempered man / does not control his temper | Proverbs 14:17; 14:29; 15:18; 22:24-25; 25:28; |
Rebels | Proverbs 24:21-22; |
Reckless | Proverbs 21:5; |
Reverent | Proverbs 28:14; |
Rich man | Proverbs 10:15; 14:20; 18:11; 18:23; 22:2; 22:7; 22:16; 28:6; 28:11; |
Righteous, The | Proverbs 2:20, 9:9, 10:6, 11, 16, 20; 10:21, 24; 10:25, 28, 30; 10:31; 10:32; 11:8 11:9, 11:10, 23, 28, 30, 11:30,31; 14:19; 14:32; 15:6; 15:28; 15:29; 18:10; 21:15; 21:18; 21:26; 24:15; 24:16; 28:1; 28:12; 28:28; 29:2; 29:6; 29:7; 29:16; 29:27; |
Ruler | Proverbs 14:28; 17:7; 19:6; 23:1-3; 25:15; 28:2; 29:12; 29:26; |
Schemer | Proverbs 24:8; |
Sensible man | Proverbs 14:8; 14:15; 14:18; 15:5; 22:3; 27:12; |
Servant(s) | Proverbs 27:27; 29:12; 29:19; 30:10; |
Sinners/Sinful | Proverbs 1:10; 11:31; 23:17-18; |
Skilled in his work, a man | Proverbs 22:29; |
Slacker | Proverbs 6:9; 10:26; 15:19; 19:24; 20:4; 21:25-26; 22:13; 24:30-34; 26:13-16; |
Slave | Proverbs 19:10; |
Sons | Proverbs 4:1; 17:6; |
Stiff-necked | Proverbs 29:1; |
Stingy | Proverbs 23:6-8; |
Strangers | Proverbs 5:10, 6:1; 11:15; 20:16; |
Strong man | Proverbs 24:5-6; |
Teachers | Proverbs 5:13; |
“The Other Woman” | |
Adulteress | Proverbs 6:26; 30:20; |
Another man’s wife | Proverbs 6:29; |
Evil woman | Proverbs 6:24; |
Forbidden woman | Proverbs 2:16 5:3, 5:20; 7:5-27; 22:14; 23:26-28; |
Foreigner | Proverbs 5:10; |
Prostitute | Proverbs 6:26; 23:26-28; |
Strangers | Proverbs 5:17, 6:24; |
Women | Proverbs 31:3; |
Treacherous | Proverbs 11:3; 11:6; 21:18; 22:12; |
Troubled heart | Proverbs 25:20; |
Trustworthy, the | Proverbs 11:13; 20:6; 25:13; |
Twisted minds, those with | Proverbs 11:20; 17:20; |
Understanding, man of | Proverbs 10:23, 11:12; 15:21; 17:27; 20:5; |
Understands a matter, one who | Proverbs 16:20; |
Ungodly, the | Proverbs 11:9; |
Unjust man | Proverbs 29:27; |
Unreliable person | Proverbs 25:19; |
Upright, the | Proverbs 2:21; 3:32; 11:3, 6, 11; 14:9; 14:11; 15:8; 15:19; 16:17; 21:18; 21:29; 29:10; 29:27; |
iolent man/men, the | Proverbs 3:31; 11:16; 16:29; |
Wicked, the | Proverbs 2:22, 4:14, 19, 5:22, 6:12, 10:6, 11, 16, 20, 24; 10:25; 10:27; 10:28, 30; 11:5, 7, 11:8, 10, 11:11, 18, 21, 23, 31; 14:11; 14:19; 14:32; 15:3; 15:6; 15:8; 15:9; 15:28; 15:29; 16:4; 17:4; 17:23; 18:3; 19:28; 21:4; 21:7; 21:10; 21:12; 21:18; 21:27; 21:29; 24:15; 24:16; 24:19-20; 25:4-5; 28:1; 28:4; 28:12; 28:28; 29:2; 29:7; 29:16; 29:27; |
Widow, the | Proverbs 15:25; |
Wise Man/Wise, whose heart is | Proverbs 1:5, 3:35, 9:8-9, 10:14; 11:29; 14:3; 14:16; 14:24;15:2; 15:7; 16:21; 16:23; 18:15; 21:11; 21:20; 21:22; 24:23-25; 29:8; 29:11; |
Without sense, one / Lacking sense | Proverbs 7:7; 15:21; 17:18; |
Witness, dishonest, worthless, who utter lies/ Perjurer | Proverbs 14:5; 14:25; 19:5; 19:9; 19:22; 19:28; 21:28; 25:18; |
Witness, honest, truthful | Proverbs 14:5; 14:25; |
Woman, foolish | Proverbs 14:1; |
Woman, gracious | Proverbs 11:16; |
Woman, wise | Proverbs 14:1; |
Worker | Proverbs 16:26; |
Worthless person | Proverbs 6:12; 16:27; |
Young man / men | Proverbs 20:11; 20:29; |
Youth, the | Proverbs 7:7; 22:6; 22:15; 23:13-14; 29:15; |